Reinforced concrete structures are made of concrete and steel. While concrete is a brittle material, steel is a ductile material. They complement each other in terms of compressive and tensile strength.

Characteristics of Reinforced Concrete Structures

In reinforced concrete systems, adherence stresses of approximately 28-35 kg/cm² are achieved thanks to the cooperation of steel with concrete. This is one of the main reasons for the development of reinforced concrete construction.

Additionally, concrete and steel expand at the same rate with temperature increases, which reduces internal stresses. Concrete also prevents steel from rusting. In tall buildings, steel must be encased with 1.5-2.0 cm of concrete, and in foundations, with 5 cm. Reinforced concrete structures are economical and do not have the high maintenance costs found in steel and wood structures. Due to the low thermal conductivity of concrete, it is the most fire-resistant type of construction.

Steel Structures

These are structures where the load-bearing system is steel. Floor elements are used, or masonry walls can be preferred instead. The roof structure should be as light as possible. Steel structures exhibit high resistance against earthquakes.

Reinforcement

Reinforcement refers to the steel bars placed inside structural elements to increase the strength of concrete. To ensure proper concrete coverage of the steel, gaps called "cover" must be left between the steel and the formwork.

Types of Steel Used in Reinforced Concrete

• Round bars
• Deformed bars (tor steel)
• Wire mesh steel
• Twisted steel
• Knotted concrete steel, etc.

Benefits of Reinforced Concrete

1. Fire resistant.
2. Economical and long-lasting.
3. Easy and fast to construct.
4. Resistant to wear.
5. Does not harbor pests and insects.
6. Dry concrete is non-conductive to electricity.
7. Earthquake resistant.
8. Can be easily shaped as desired.

Disadvantages

1. Heavy.
2. Connections must be well made.
3. Reuse is very limited.
4. Conducts sound well.